Relative change in revenues for PV and BESS systems between baseline and high-negative-price scenarios from 2026 to 2040. The figure highlights the early revenue gains from BESS due to increased arbitrage opportunities, peaking around 2030, and the gradual decline thereafter. PV revenues show tangible losses in the early years, which become negligible beyond 2040 as negative price events diminish. These trends underscore the long-term value of integrating storage with PV systems to mitigate market volatility.