Table 13
Comparison with other studies on LCA of PERC module.
| Type | Wafer size | Module (W) | Lifetime (y) | Solar irradiance (kWh/m2/y) | F.U. | GWP (g CO2 eq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jia et al. 2021 [10] | PERC mono-facial, ground mounted | M2 | 340 | 25 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 2.70E+01 |
| PERC mono-facial, ground mounted | M2 | 405 | 25 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 2.65E+01 | |
| PERC bi-facial, ground mounted | M2 | 345 | 30 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 2.00E+01 | |
| PERC bi-facial, ground mounted | M2 | 410 | 30 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 1.99E+01 | |
| PERC bi-facial, ground mounted | M6 | 450 | 30 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 1.93E+01 | |
| PERC bi-facial, ground mounted | M12 | 500 | 30 | 1573 | 1 kWh | 1.84E+01 | |
| Lunardi et al. 2018 [11] | PERC (EGS feedstock) | – | 25 | 1700 | 1 kWh | 2.60E+01 | |
| PERC (SGS feedstock) | – | 25 | 1700 | 1 kWh | 1.99E+01 | ||
| PERC (UMG-Si feedstock) |
– | 25 | 1700 | 1 kWh | 1.98E+01 | ||
| Luo et al. 2018 [12] | PERC mono-facial, roof-integrated | M2 | 244 | 30 | 1580 | 1 module | 2.19E+05 |
| PERC bi-facial, roof-integrated | M2 | 238 | 30 | 1580 | 1 module | 1.99E+05 | |
| PERC mono-facial, roof-integrated | M2 | 244 | 30 | 1580 | 1 kWh | 2.92E+01 | |
| PERC bi-facial, roof-integrated | M2 | 238 | 30 | 1580 | 1 kWh | 2.09E+01 | |
| This study | PERC mono-facial utility-scale |
M12 | 460 | 30 | 1819 | 1 kWh | 1.74E+01 |
| PERC mono-facial rooftop | M12 | 460 | 30 | 1819 | 1 kWh | 2.17E+01 |
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