Fig. A.1
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The global PV deployment schedule used in this study showing cumulative capacity (shaded orange, left axis) and theoretical minimum annual installations (black, right axis) in TWdc. 75 TW in 2050 achieves 100% renewable energy [1], and the increase to 86 TW in 2100 assumes increasing energy demand based on historical rates [59]. Pre-2022 installations are the global historical PV installations from IRENA [58]. Annual installations will be adjusted for each scenario for required replacements to achieve capacity targets.
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