Table 2
Description of used parameters for energy balance calculations in equation (5) to achieve saturation temperature of backpowered photovoltaic modules.
| Symbol | Description | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tcell | Solar cell temperature | K | |
| Tenv | Ambient temperature | K | 298.15 |
| h | Convective coefficient | W/m2/K | 6 (derived from [21] for no wind) |
| kEVA, kg, kbs | Thermal conductivity of encapsulant, glass and backsheet | W/m/K | 0.34 [22], 0.8 [23], 0.25 [24] |
| LEVA | Encapsulant thickness | mm | 0.45 [23] |
| Lg | Glass thickness | mm | 2 (HJT), 3.2 (PERC + IBC) |
| Lbs | Backsheet thickness | mm | 0.35 |
| σ | Stefan-Boltzmann constant | W/m2/K4 | 5.67 ⋅ 10−8 |
| A | Solar cell area | cm2 | 243.7 (HJT + PERC), 150.0 (IBC) |
| ϵg | Emissivity of glass | – | 0.9 [25] |
| ϵbs | Emissivity of backsheet | – | 0.83 [24] |
| α | Absorptivity of solar cell | – | 0.93 [26] |
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.