Investigation of co-evaporated polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)S2 thin film yielding 16.0 % efficiency solar cell

Special Issue on ‘Recent Advances in Spectroscopy and Microscopy of Thin-films Materials, Interfaces, and Solar Cells 2021', edited by A. Vossier, M. Gueunier-Farret, J.-P. Kleider and D. Mencaraglia

Open Access

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(a) Scanning electron microscopy cross sectional image of a solar cell based on Cu(In,Ga)S₂ film synthesized following the modified three-stage process investigated herein. (b) Qualitative profiles of gallium (in red), indium (in blue), copper (in black) and sulphur (in violet) measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry throughout a completed absorber.

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